WSr 


LIBRARY  OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 

AT  URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 


F453X 

no.  \-Z\ 


The  person  charging  this  material  is  re- 
sponsible for  its  return  to  the  library  from 
which  it  was  withdrawn  on  or  before  the 
Latest  Date  stamped  below. 

Theft,    mutilation,    and    underlining    of    books    are    reasons 
for    disciplinary    action    and    may    result    in    dismissal    from 
the  University. 
To  renew  call  Telephone  Center,  333-8400 

UNIVERSITY    OF    ILLINOIS    UBIUliT    AT    URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 


DEC  18 
DEC  18 


1936 


iO<»C 


APR  17  W*i 
JUN03 


m 


JUN0  1  1<92 


L161— O-1096 


TOBACCO 

Leaflets  15-19 
24  Plates 


BY 


B.  Laufer,  a.  B.  Lewis,  R.  Linton,  and  J.  A.  Mason 


FIELD  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY 

CHICAGO 
1924 


CONTENTS 

References  are  to  pagination  at  foot  of  page 

Page 
Use  of  Tobacco  among  North  American  Indians  by  Ralph 

Linton         1 

Use  of  Tobacco  in  Mexico  and  South  America  by  J.  Alden 

Mason 29 

Use  of  Tobacco  in  New  Guinea  and  Neighboring  Regions 

by    Albert    B.    Lewis         .......  45 

Tobacco  and  Its  Use  in  Asia  by  Berthold  Laufer        .        .  67 
The  Introduction  of  Tobacco  into  Europe  by  Berthold 

Laufer 97 

Introduction    and    Early    Cultivation   of   Tobacco   in 

England 99 

The  Great  Tobacco  Controversy  in  England        .        .118 

Use  of  Tobacco  in  England 129 

Tobacco  in  France,  Portugal,  Spain,  and  Italy    .        .  144 

Tobacco  in  Central  and  Northern  Europe     .        .        .  153 

Tobacco  in  Russia  and  Turkey 155 

Books    Recommended 162 


III 


INDEX 


TO  LEAFLETS  15-19 
References  are  to  pagination  at  foot  of  pagre 


Africa,  earth-pipe  in,  88;  water- 
pipe  in,  83. 

Ainu,  burial  of  tobacco-boxes 
among,  73;  tobacco  ordeal  of,  74. 

Akbar,  his  first  acquaintance  with 
tobacco,  68-70. 

Alaska,  elbow  pipe  in,  10,  20. 

Algonquians,  pipes  of,  18. 

America,  distribution  of  smoking 
methods  in,  8. 

Amur  country,  tobacco  in,  71,  72. 

Argentina,  pipes  of,  38. 

Asia,  cigarette  in,  75;  distribu- 
tion of  cigar  in,  74;  tobacco  in, 
57-95.       , 

Aubrey  J.,  113,  131. 

Australia,  tobacco  in,  52. 

Aztec,  pipe  of,  34. 

Back-scratcher,  combined  with 
pipe,  78. 

Bacon  F.,  111. 

Bags,  for  tobacco,  of  North  Ameri- 
can  Indians,  22. 

Baillard  E.,  142. 

Barclay  W.,  Ill,  128. 

Benzoni,   33,  42. 

Bermudas,  tobacco  cultivated  in 
and  exported  to  England,  114. 

Blackfoot,  cultivation  of  tobacco 
by,  7. 

Blount  T.  P.,  141. 

Bone,  pipe  of,  77;  snuff-bottle  of, 
95. 

Botel  Tobago,  tobacco  unknown  on, 

74. 

Briar  pipe,  132. 
Buchanan  G.,  149. 
Butler  N.,   115. 
Buttes  H.,  107,  135. 
Byron,  143. 

California,  pipes  of,  10,  12. 


Calumet,  symbolism  of,  24;  use  of, 
25-27. 

Camden   W.,   106. 

Canaster,  115. 

Canton,  snuff  of,  89;  water-pipes 
of,  86. 

Catherine  de  Medici,  145,  149. 

Catlinite,  16. 

Cayuga,  tobacco  cultivation  by,  3. 

Cermonies,  attending  smoking,  of 
North  American  Indians,  23. 

Ceylon,  tobacco  in,  70. 

Cheroot,  76. 

Chewing,  in  Asia,  87;  in  Australia, 
138;  in  England,  138-142;  in 
Mexico,  39,  138;  in  New  Guinea, 
45,  147;  in  North  America,  2, 
21;  in  South  America,  39;  in 
West  Indies,  138;  of  cocoa,  2. 

China,  cultivation  of  tobacco  in, 
61;  introduction  of  tobacco  into, 
58;  snuff  in,  88-90. 

Chippewa,  pipes  of,  13,  15. 

Cigar,  distribution  of,  in  Asia,  74; 
in  America,  9,  31;  in  Brazil,  98, 
145;  in  England,  142;  in  Italy, 
153;  in  Spain,  151. 

Cigarette,  distribution  of,  in  Asia, 
75;  in  America,  9,  33,  34;  in 
England,  143;  in  New  Britain, 
53;  in  New  Guinea,  47. 

Clay  pipe,  in  England,  131,  133;  of 

North  American  Indians,  12,  14, 

15. 
Cliff  Dwellers,  pipes  of,  11. 
Clusius,  130,  151. 
Coca,  2,  39. 

Colombia,  snuff-taking  in,  41. 
Columbus,    his    first    contact    with 

tobacco,   31. 
Counterblaste,    analysis    of,    122- 

125. 
Covel,    159. 
Crescenzio,  153. 


Crow,  Tobacco  Society  of  the,  7. 
Cuba,  cigar  of,  31. 

Davies  J.,  119. 
De  Serres  O.,  146,  148. 
De  Thevenot,   158. 
Deacon  J.,  129. 
Dekker,   121,   134,   136. 
Disk  pipe,  20. 
Drake  F.,  105. 
Dudley  R.,  110. 
Durante   C,   162. 

Earth-pipe,  American  Indian,  9; 
in  Asia,   87. 

Egypt,  water-pipe  in,  83. 

Elbow  pipe,  in  Mexico,  20,  36  38: 
in  North  America,  13,  14;  in 
South  America,  38. 

England,  chewing  in,  138-142; 
cigar  and  cigarette  in,  142,  143; 
cultivation  of  tobacco  in,  103, 
105,  110,  113,  116,  117;  impor- 
tation of  tobacco  into,  114,  115; 
introduction  of  tobacco  into,  99- 
107;  pipe-smoking  in,  129-135; 
snuff  in,  135-138;  tobacco  con- 
troversy in,  118-129;  tobacco 
imported  from,  into  Russia,  156; 
into  Turkey,   157. 

Eskimo,  pipe  of,  20. 

Flanders,  tobacco  cultivated  in, 
111. 

Florida,  smoking  by  natives  of, 
100;  tobacco  introduced  into 
England  from,  100,  101;  tobacco 
introduced  into  Portugual  from, 
145. 

Formosa,  cigar  in,  74,  75;  intro- 
duction of  tobacco  into,  76; 
81;  opium-smoking  in,  80;  pipes 
of,  81. 

Frampton  J.,  118,  121,  146. 

France,  introduction  of  tobacco 
into,  144;  snuff  imported  into 
China  from,  88. 

Fu-kien,  peculiar  method  of  smok- 
ing in,  77;  tobacco  introduced 
into,  58. 

Gaffarel   P.,  147. 
Gardiner   E.,   128,   139. 
Gent  J.  W.,  116. 
Gerard  J.,  99,  110,  130,  139. 


Germany,    tobacco    cultivated    in, 

111,  154. 
Gohorry  J.,  149. 
Goldsmith   0.,   137. 
Guiana,  tobacco  of,  imported  into 

England,  114. 

Haddon,  51. 

Hakluyt   R.,   105. 

Harrison  W.,  102. 

Hearne  T.,  140. 

Henbane,   103,   104. 

Hentzner  P.,   131. 

Hidatsa,  cultivation  of  tobacco  by, 

4-6. 
Holinshed  R.,  119. 
Hooka,    82. 
Howes  E.,  100-102. 

Illinois,  pipes  of,  12. 

India,  introduction  of  tobacco 
into,  67;  snuff  in,  94;  water- 
pipe    in,    82. 

Ireland,  snuff  in,  135,  136. 

Iroquois,   pipes   of,    14. 

Italy,  introduction  of  tobacco 
into,  152. 

Ivory,  dishes  for  snuff  of,  91;  in 
opium-pipe,  80;  in  water-pipe, 
86;  tobacco-pipes  of,  78. 

Jahangir,    prohibition    of    tobacco 

by,  70. 
James  I,  107,  122-127,  133. 
Japan,   early  use   of  cigarette   in, 

76;  introduction  of  tobacco  into, 

57. 
Java,  introduction  of  tobacco  into, 

67;   opium-smoking  in,  79. 
Jonson,  Ben,  120,  121,  130. 

Karen,   cigar  among,   74. 

Kemp  W.,  140. 

Kickapoo,    tobacco    cultivation    by, 

4. 
Kinnikinnick,  8. 
Korea,   cigar   in,   74;    introduction 

of  tobacco  into,  66;  pipes  of,  79. 

Lan-chou,    water-pipe    and   water- 
tobacco  of,   84. 
Las  Casas,  42,  97. 


VI 


Licking,  of  tobacco,  39. 
Liebaut  J.,  118,  146. 
Lilly  W.,  119. 
Liquidambar,  8,  35. 
Lunka,  75. 

Luzon,  cigar  in,  74;  pipes  in,  80, 
81. 

Madagascar,  water-pipe  in,  83. 

Malayans.^  chewinp:-  .  '..mong,  87 ; 
cigars  and  cigarette  among,  75. 

Manchu,  pipes  of,  78. 

Mattioli  P.,  104,  152. 

Melanesian  Islands,  tobacco  in,  52. 

Mexico,  pipe  of,  20;  smoking  cus- 
toms of,  35;  tobacco-chewing  in, 
138. 

Misocapnus,  125. 

Moliere,  149. 

Monardes  N.,  43,  118,  121,  138, 
151. 

Monitor  pipes,  17. 

Monk,  General,  141. 

Mortars,  for  crushing  tobacco,  in 
North  America,  22. 

Neander  J.,  82,  148,  154. 

New  Britain,  tobacco  in,  52. 

New  Guinea,  tobacco  in,  45. 

Nicot  J.,  118,  145-148. 

Nicotiana  quadrivalvis,  3,  4. 

Nicotiana  rustica,  called  English 
tobacco,  108;  distribution  of,  in 
China,  60;  in  America,  3;  intro- 
duced into  England,  100,  101; 
introduced  into  France,  148;  in- 
troduced into  Italy,  152. 

Nicotiana  suaveolens,  52,  138. 

Nicotiana  tabacum,  cultivation  of 
in  China,  61;  first  English  de- 
scription of  by  W.  Harrison, 
103;  in  America,  2,  29;  intro- 
duced into  France,  147;  intro- 
duced into  Italy,  152;  intro- 
duced into  Virginia,  105. 

Micotiane,   146. 

>Jorway,  tobacco  in,  154. 

Dhio  mounds,  pipes  of,  17. 
)maha,  sacred  pipe  of,  20. 
)pium-pipe,  79,  80. 
)sborne  T.,  72,  156. 


Ostyak,  burial  of  pipe  r.id  tobacco 
among,  73;  smoking  oy,  72. 


Panama,   smoking  customs  of,   32. 

Paraguay,  pipes  of,  38. 

Parkinson  J.,  99,   108,   139. 

Peking,  snuff  of,  88,  89. 

Pepys  S.,  140. 

Persia,  introduction  of  tobacco 
into,  71;  water-pipe  of,  82. 

Peru,  snuff  in,  42. 

Petun,  32,  145,  148. 

Philippines,  pipes  in,  80. 

Phillips  H.,  106,  159. 

Pipe-stems,  of  North  American 
Indians,  19. 

Pipe-stone,  16. 

Pipe  Tampers,  of  North  American 
Indians,  22. 

Plains  Indians,  pipes  of,  12,  18. 

Pope  A.,  137. 

Portugal,  introduction  of  tobacco 
into,  145,  151. 

Portuguese,  snuff  introduced  into 
into  India  by,  94;  tobacco  intro- 
duced into  India  by,  67;  tobacco 
introduced  into  Japan  by,  58. 

Potawatomi,  tobacco  cultivation 
by,  4. 

Pouches,  Chinese,  79. 

Pueblo  tribes,  cigarette  among,  9; 
pipes  of,  11. 

Pyne  J.,  134. 

Raleigh,  Walter,  102,  107-110. 
Russia,  tobacco  iii,  155-157. 
Rych  B.,  112. 

Sandys  G.,  157. 

Santa  Croce  P.,  152. 

Sauk,  tobacco  cultivation  by,  4. 

Scotland,  snuff  in,  135. 

Scott  W.,  137. 

Shakespeare,  121. 

Shanghai,  new  type  of  water-pipe 

of,  86;   snuff  of,  88. 
Shan-tung,  snuff  of,  89. 

Siam,  chewing  in,  87;  cigarette  in, 
76. 

Siberia,  tobacco  in,  71,  156. 


vn 


Smoking  accessories,  of  North 
American  Indians,  22. 

Smoking  mixtx'res,  in  North  Ameri- 
ca, 8. 

Smollett,  141. 

Smutchin,    136. 

Sneeshing,  136. 

SnufF,  distribution  of,  in  Asia,  88; 
in  China,  88-90;  in  England, 
135;  in  France,  150;  in  India, 
94;  in  South  America,  40;  in 
Tibet,  94,  95. 

Snuff-bottles,  Chinese,  90-94;  Tibe- 
tan, 95. 

Snuffing  tubes,  41. 

Solomon  Islands,  use  of  tobacco  in, 
53. 

Spain,  introduction  of  tobacco 
into,  151. 

Spenser  E.,  118. 

Sweden,  tobacco  in,  154. 

Sylvester  J.,  128. 

Ta-t'ung,  pipe  of,  77. 
Terry  E.,  67,  68,  84. 
Thackeray,  132. 
Thevet  A.,  97,  144-148. 
Tibet,  pipe  in,  77;  snuff  and  snuff- 
bottles  in,  94,  95. 
Tobacco,  meaning  of  word,  31. 


Tobacco-box,  in  old  England,  134, 
136;  of  W.  Raleigh,  109. 

Tomahawk  pipe,  21. 

Tornabuoni  N.,  152. 

Trichies,  75. 

Trinidad,  tobacco  of,  110,  120,  122. 

Tubular  pipe,  of  Mexico,  34,  152; 
oi  Pueblo  tribes,   11. 

Turkey,  tobacco  in,  157-160. 

Varina,  tobacco  of,  115. 

Venezuela,  snuff  in,  41;  tobacco  of, 
115. 

Venner  T.,  129. 

Virginia,  early  trade-pipes  in,  21; 
Nicotiana  tabacum  introduced 
into,  105;  tobacco  of,  111,  114. 

Wafer  L.,  32. 

Wallace  A.  R.,  46. 

Walrus  ivory,  used  in  Chinese  to- 
bacco-pipes, 78. 

Water-pipe,  in  China,  84-86;  in 
India,  82;  in  Persia,  82,  83;  in 
Russia  and  Germany,  155,  156. 

Wilson  G.  L.,  4. 

Women,  smoking  by,  134. 

Yami,  tobacco  unknown  to,  74. 
Yiin-nan,  pipe  of,  77. 


vm 


